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Scholars say that it is a short consultation to bleach the homicide of the Jews through the collaborators.
(JTA) – In the capital of Lithuania, an establishment previously known as the Museum of Genocide Applications slightly mentions the homicide of almost all Jews in the country through Nazis and local, focusing rather on the years of abusive Soviet domination .
In Kaunas, the biggest moment of Lithuania, another called museum welcomes festivals and summer camps in the box of an old concentration camp for the Jews known as 7th strong, where victims are not commemorated.
In the Ukrainian city of Dnipro, a holocaust museum called “Tkuma” presents a debatable exhibition on the Jewish partner of Soviet policies that led to the massive famine, known as Holodomor, a total decade before the Nazis do not begin to put In force its “final solution”.
And in the capitals of Romania and Ukraine, where the Nazis and the collaborators organized the murder of more than 1. 5 million Jews, there are no national museums of the Holocaust. The struggles and debates of the intestine about history and complicity prevented its openness.
These are just some examples of a broader trend in Eastern Europe, where establishments whose declared objective is to teach the public about the trivialize holocaust, opposite or completely forget. Commemoration activists in the region blame a variable aggregate of factors, adding nationalist revisionism, anti -Semitism, lack of funds, non -public animals and incompetence.
All these elements are exhibited in the existing sagas of the National Museum of Jewish History and the Holocaust in Romania, which does not yet exist, and the Museum of the House of Destinations in Budapest, in Hungary, which exists still remains closed five years later. Its planned opening.
In Bucharest, disagreements about what began as a beneficial municipal plan in 2016, although everything identifies a holocaust museum this year, has deteriorated. The city’s vice mayor, Badulescu Aureliano, risked to reveal an Ion Antonescu bust in Bucharest, the war leader who collaborated with Hitler. His risk was considered as a measure to deposit local Jews.
The municipality, which designated the allocation a magnificent construction that once a bank in the city center did not approve the proposal. The Plan War Holidays were looking for the museum to move to the outskirts of the city. After demonstrations of two teams, the establishment of the Government guilty of leading the museum, the National Institute Elie Wiesel for the Holocaust exam in Romania and the Guardian dog of MCA Romania about anti -Semitism, Badulescu announced its plan to honor Antonescu.
Badulescu also wrote to Maximilian Marco Katz, a Romanian Jewish citizen who was born in Bucharest and directs MCA, a letter that tells him that “he returns from where you come from. ” The long execution of the Bucharest Museum is recently uncertain.
Meanwhile, in Budapest, the Museum of the House of Destinations, in an old station where the Hungarian Jews have been sent to be killed, have been empty for about five years due to a dispute between the Federation of Jewish communities of Mazsihisz and The Government. This implies the appointment through the government of Maria Schmidt, a historian accused of minimizing the holocaust by assimilating the Soviet domination, to direct the museum.
To break the dead point, he has accused Emih this year, an organization affiliated with Chabad, at the head of the museum. Emih said Schmidt came out here. Jewish intestinal struggles have also blocked the project, in a country where the complaint says that a right breath seeks to bleach the collaboration of the era of the Holocaust.
An outstanding Holocaust museum, the Holocaust memorial center, opened its doors in 2004 on the Budapest wheel with government funds. But he suffered internal fights, cuts and a fall in whom he raised doubts about his long -term viability, Ferencz Laczo historian told a 2016 test.
Intermunicipal rivalries also gave the impression on the endless effort to build a holocaust museum in kyiv, Ukraine. It started in 2001 and is a nail.
But the supposed attempts to bleach the complicity of the era of the Holocaust in the territories occupied through the Nazis are in the center of a giant component of the dysfunctionality that surrounds the commemoration of the holocaust in Eastern Europe, according to Dovid Katz, the scientist Yiddish in United United. States, in Vilna, which published in 2016 a complete control over the subject.
Katz writes about a “desire to match Nazi and Soviet crimes [which] are of greater effort to clean” the land between “(in Eastern Europe) of its old collaboration evaluation in Wartimarray”
In the Museums of Eastern Europe, the component of these efforts takes position through omission. A municipal museum in Ukmerė near Vilnius, for example, transmits exactly the murder of thousands of Jews there without saying who killed them (they were local collaborators).
A more complicated strategy is what Katz calls the “double genocide”: the lipsticks of the holocaust and the Soviet occupation, with the moment eclipse the first, as in the Vilnius genocide museum.
In 2011, museum administrators added a small plaque to their winery that refers to the homicide of the Jews after years of judicial cases that their destination ignored. However, the museum is almost completely faithful to Soviet domination and the defense of the Lithuania position as the only country in the global that officially considers the domination of the country through the Soviet Union as a form of genocide.
(The Museum replaced its call to the “Museum of Teachers and Fighters of Freedom” last year in the midst of tension at this point, but its online page remains the word “genocide”)
The logic behind the effort of “double genocide” is based on popular belief through Eastern Europe and beyond the Jews were guilty of hostilities that oppose the holocaust. According to this theory, Katz writes, the Jews are blamed for having directed the communist atrocities in Eastern Europe before the Nazis took control of the Soviet Union.
Zsolt Bayer, co -founder of the Main Party of Hungary, provided an outstanding demonstration of this in a 2016 editorial in which he used the role of Jews in communism to justify the holocaust.
“Why are we surprised that the undeniable peasant whose discovery delight Without hurting when Gendarmes dragged the Jews away from their people?
The collaboration between the population and the Nazis also occurred on a large scale in Western Europe. But this component of the continent released after World War II, beginning a long and non -stop calculation procedure, the Netherlands, Belgium and other Western countries.
Eastern Europe, on the other hand, has been treated through a brutal and anti -Semitic regime that, for their own interests, would only allow the holocaust patients to commemorate as “Soviet citizens”, Felicia Waldman, an expert Jewish studies and education of the Holocaust at the University of Bucharest, indicated in an interview with the Jewish telegraphic agency.
For this reason, “it is only beyond the 20 years that you have local academics in Eastern Europe who have experts in the Holocaust,” he said. Beyond that, “the inheritance of the communist regime makes other people admit what happened, because they perceive the role of their own country as a victim, not as an attacker. ” And, of course, it is “a consultation of country pride” to deny the complicity of the era of the Holocaust.
In fact, in a giant component of Eastern Europe, and in components in Ukraine and Lithuania, collaborators who were guilty for the death of the Jews The fight along the Nazis are celebrated as a national hero because they fought against the union Soviet
A way to melt the sour tablet of complicity to raise in museums the role of rescuers of the Holocaust era.
In recent years, several rescuers have opened in countries where a giant component of the population has collaborated with the Nazis, adding the Jānis Lipke museum in Riga, in Latvia, which opened its doors in 2012. Lithuania, where thousands of Jews were killed Through the inhabitants, the Killing Site Museum near Vilnius presents, curiously, an exhibition on the Japanese diplomat Chune Sugihara, who worked in Kaunas and stored basically Jewish Poles.
In March, the Jewish Museum of the State of Vilna Gaon in Lithuania began a cell exhibition over the country among the nations, of non -Jews identified through Israel as they risk their lives to save the Jews.
In 2016, Poland, in the midst of a foreign polarizing debate about the Polish complicity of the Holocaust, opened a museum about its rescuers. Another museum of this type for Auschwitz is planned. Polish officials said there were around 70,000 righteous in Poland, the Israel Yad Vashem Holocaust museum identified less than 7,000.
With rescuers identified through Yad Vashem, their elevation in the museums of Eastern Europe is “in itself an intelligent cause,” Efraim Zuroff, director of Eastern Europe of the Simon Wiecenthal center, told Jta. “But not when it comes to the popularity of local complicity in Nazis crimes, which is so missing in today’s post -community countries. “
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